Autopsies indicate that 10 per cent of our citizen has gallstones, most of which consist largely of cholesterol though a few are formed from bile pigments. Cholesterol stones have been produced in rabbits in a single week by substances causing the walls of the gall bladder to come to be inflamed; in three weeks their gall bladders were thoroughly filled with stones. The inflammation apparently injured the mucous membrane lining the gall bladder, causing cells to slough off upon which cholesterol could deposit.
When hamsters have been given a diet deficient in vitamin E, all industrialized cholesterol stones, though no stones occurred in animals receiving the vitamin. It has been generally believed that diets high in fat and/or cholesterol produced stones, but animals given large amounts of cholesterol or saturated or unsaturated fats industrialized no stones as long as vitamin E was adequate. Conversely, hamsters fed no fat or cholesterol whatsoever all formed stones without vitamin E. The stones industrialized before any signs of a vitamin-E scantness could be detected and while the number of cholesterol in the bile and blood was the same as that in animals having no stones.
Moreover, when animals were kept on a vitamin-E-deficient diet until all had stones and the vitamin was then given them, the stones dissolved. Even a diet still deficient in vitamin E but containing yeast and kind amounts of fat (natural lard) caused half the stones to dissolve; the remainder were small and contained slight cholesterol. Yeast and soy flour, added to the stone-producing diet, prevented stones from forming; and the expanding of natural grains, peanuts, and minerals decreased the number of stones to half.
The reasons why stones form or are prevented from forming by these diets are not yet clear. It is known that vitamin A is fast destroyed in the absence of vitamin E; that without vitamin A, millions of dying cells from mucous membranes exterior the walls of the gall bladder slough off into the bile; and that stones form around a base of organic material. It would therefore appear that dead cells may catch and hold the cholesterol. Foods such as yeast, nuts, and unrefined grains, containing B vitamins and/or oils, growth the production of lecithin; and they as well as lard stimulate the emptying of the gall bladder. Because lecithin breaks cholesterol into tiny particles and keeps it in suspension; a high lecithin content of bile would appear to be vitally foremost in preventing stones. citizen groups living on refined foods have far more stones than those eating only unrefined products.
Can human gallstones be dissolved?
The normal healing thought is that gallstones cannot be dissolved and that sooner or later surgery is required. Many citizen with stones, however, have no digestive or gallbladder disturbances; and others apparently have had stones for years without knowing it until a opening x-ray revealed them. There are situations, of course, where surgery is imperative, but if a physician's decision is to postpone surgery, it is worth the endeavor to try to dissolve such stones.
Investigators have pointed out that the low-fat diets customarily recommended can easily cause stones by preventing the gall bladder from emptying vigorously. The longer bile remains in the gall bladder, the more concentrated it becomes. When the gall bladder fails to empty, thick stagnant bile high in cholesterol may slosh about with each body movement for days or weeks. Cholesterol and bile pigments are thus constantly brought into contact with any dead cells present. Under such circumstances it would be strange if stones did not form.
Human gallstones, implanted in a dog's gall bladder, dissolve quickly. This fact indicates that some constituent in bile keeps cholesterol from settling out; therefore the bile of persons who had had stones removed was studied after varied nutrients were given them. Cholesterol settled out fast when saturated fats were eaten. A teaspoon (3.5 grains) of arachidonic acid--the significant fatty acid in peanut oil--or linoleic acid with 20 to 60 milligrams of vitamin B6 increased the cholesterol-holding capacity of bile as much as 200 per cent. Vitamin B6 is significant before linoleic acid can be changed into arachidonic acid, 25 needed to produce lecithin.
The diet to preclude gallstones or to help them dissolve, therefore, must be high in vitamins A and E to keep cells from sloughing from the mucous membranes. It should comprise adequate oil and B vitamins to stimulate the gall bladder to empty vigorously during each meal; and it must furnish all nutrients known to growth lecithin production so that cholesterol can be held in suspension. Saturated fats should be kept to a minimum, and hydrogenated fats and excess carbohydrates, which convert into saturated fat, should be avoided.
Large gallstones cannot enter the bile duct, and tiny ones pass effortlessly through it; hence only medium-sized stones may come to be troublesome. Perhaps because many nutrients aid free time and decrease sensitivity to pain. The pain lasts only a few hours, and as soon as the stone is forced through the bile duct, it is gone forever. The over-all pain and easily the price is considerably less than that incurred by surgery.
Bladder Suspension Surgery:Can Human Gallstones Be Dissolved?
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